What’s the IL-4 and its ability?

IL-4 can have numerous effects on a range of target cells, like many cytokines. The development of effector T-cell responses, hematopoiesis, inflammation, and the generation of antibodies are all significantly influenced by IL-4.  Only a small subset of activated hematopoietic cells generate it, such as basophils, T cells, eosinophils, and Fc epsilon R1+ mast cells ^[1]. This shows IL-4 plays a crucial role in regulating both humoral and adaptive immunity.
IL-4 can

• Differentiating the T helper cells to the T_H2 effector cells
• Enhancing the T_H2 cell-mediated immunity ^[2]
• Driving the immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch to IgG1 and IgE in B cells ^[3]
• Activating “alternative” macrophage to do tissue repair and homeostasis
• Enhancing IgG1 and IgE secretion in LPS-stimulated B cell cultures ^{[4, 5]}

How does IL-4 be used in cell therapy?

As above mentioned, the IL-4 signaling pathway is important to various cell differentiation, Immunoglobulin generation, and other functions. In fact, research shows that the IL-4/STAT6 signaling pathway is highly related to tumor development by gaining apoptosis resistance and evading immune surveillance. ^[6] However, there are other mechanisms that imply IL-4 has the potential to be a therapeutic target via enhancing and diverting T and B cell activities.

♦ Reprogrammed T cells
One of the promising candidates for immune effector cell (IEC) therapy is the IL-17-producing CD8+ T cells (Tc17), which have the capacity to be differentiated into cytotoxic anti-tumor effectors. ^[7] In the animal model, the researchers found that IL-4 can transform IL-17-producing CD8+ T cells (Tc17) into cytotoxic IFN-γ-producing IECs via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Besides, IL-4 also has the capability to promote cell expansion which highly increases the antitumor potential of Tc17 cells. As a result, more studies should be done on the priming of Tc17 cells with IL-4, which has the potential to be a treatment for eliciting anti-tumor responses.



 
Related Products:
→ Croyez GMP ® IL-4 (Interleukin-4), Human
→ IL-4 (Interleukin-4), Human

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Ref.

1. Gadani SP, Cronk JC, Norris GT, Kipnis J. IL-4 in the brain: a cytokine to remember. J Immunol. 2012 Nov 1;189(9):4213-9.
2. Seder RA, Paul WE, Davis MM, Fazekas de St Groth B. The presence of interleukin 4 during in vitro priming determines the lymphokine-producing potential of CD4+ T cells from T cell receptor transgenic mice. J Exp Med. 1992 Oct 1;176(4):1091-8.
3. Geha RS, Jabara HH, Brodeur SR. The regulation of immunoglobulin E class-switch recombination. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003 Sep;3(9):721-32.
4. Lebman DA, Coffman RL. Interleukin 4 causes isotype switching to IgE in T cell-stimulated clonal B cell cultures. J Exp Med. 1988 Sep 1;168(3):853-62.
5. Guenova E, Skabytska Y, Hoetzenecker W, Weindl G, Sauer K, Tham M, Kim KW, Park JH, Seo JH, Ignatova D, Cozzio A, Levesque MP, Volz T, Köberle M, Kaesler S, Thomas P, Mailhammer R, Ghoreschi K, Schäkel K, Amarov B, Eichner M, Schaller M, Clark RA, Röcken M, Biedermann T. IL-4 abrogates T(H)17 cell-mediated inflammation by selective silencing of IL-23 in antigen-presenting cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Feb 17;112(7):2163-8.
6. Zhang WJ, Li BH, Yang XZ, Li PD, Yuan Q, Liu XH, Xu SB, Zhang Y, Yuan J, Gerhard GS, Masker KK, Dong C, Koltun WA, Chorney MJ. IL-4-induced Stat6 activities affect apoptosis and gene expression in breast cancer cells. Cytokine. 2008 Apr;42(1):39-47.
7. Liu CH, Lin BS, Wu MY, Song YC, Ke TW, Chou YL, Liu CT, Lin CH, Radojcic V, Drake C, Yen HR. Adoptive transfer of IL-4 reprogrammed Tc17 cells elicits anti-tumour immunity through functional plasticity. Immunology. 2022 Jul;166(3):310-326.